7种棉籽副产品化学成分、能量和氨基酸消化率的测定

Ma, D. L., X. K. Ma, L. Liu, and S. Zhang

翻译：李平 校对： 上海亘泰实业集团

本研究的目的是测定7种棉籽副产品的化学组成，生长猪DE（消化能）和ME（代谢能）含量，及其氨基酸的表观回肠消化率（AID）和标准回肠消化率（SID）。

7种棉籽的副产品分别是：CP（粗蛋白质）水平分别为46％，50％和55％（46CSM，50CSM和55CSM）的棉籽粕（溶剂提取），CP水平分别为50％和55％的棉籽蛋白（50CSP和55CSP），发酵棉籽粕（CSMF）和棉籽饼（CSME，压榨脱脂）。共使用48头杂交阉公猪（体重：44.1±4.2 kg）来测定7种棉籽副产品的DE和ME含量，8种日粮（包括1个玉米-豆粕基础日粮）完全随机分配设计。7个原料氨基酸的AID和SID通过使用7头杂交阉公猪（初始体重：67.4±8.5 kg），以6×8 尤登方设计， 8种日粮（包括1种无氮日粮）和共6个周期来测定。

7种棉籽副产品的DE和ME值分别为12.72-15.63MJ/kg和12.24-14.83 MJ/kg。在7种棉籽副产品中，55棉籽蛋白和棉籽饼与其他棉籽副产品相比，ME和DE值最高（P < 0.05）。此外，55棉籽蛋白除甘氨酸和脯氨酸外，其他所有氨基酸均具有最高（P < 0.05）的AID和SID值。相比之下，46棉籽粕或55棉籽粕除甘氨酸和脯氨酸外，其他所有氨基酸的AID和SID值均为最低（P < 0.05）。 55棉籽蛋白也具有最大（P < 0.05）的标准回肠可消化粗蛋白质含量，和除甘氨酸和脯氨酸之外的其他所有氨基酸含量。

综上所述，不同加工工艺的棉籽副产品的化学成分、能量和氨基酸消化率差异很大。基于能量和氨基酸消化率数据，与其他棉籽副产品相比，粗蛋白质水平为55%的棉籽蛋白是生长猪较为适合的原料。

关键词：氨基酸消化率，棉籽粕，棉籽蛋白，能量，猪

Chemical composition, energy, and amino acid digestibility in 7 cottonseed co-products fed to growing pigs

Ma, D. L., X. K. Ma, L. Liu, and S. Zhang

The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition, DE and ME contents, and apparentileal digestibility (AID) and standardized ileal digestibility (SID)of AA in 7 cottonseed co-products fed to growing pigs. The 7 cottonseed co-products were: cottonseed meals (solvent extracted) with CP level of 46%,50%, and 55% (46CSM, 50CSM, and 55CSM), cottonseed protein with CP level of 50% and 55% (50CSP and 55CSP), fermented cottonseed meal (CSMF), and expelled cottonseed meal (CSME). The DE and ME contents of the 7 test ingredients were measured using 48 crossbreed barrows (BW: 44.1 ± 4.2 kg) and 8 diets (including a corn-soybean meal basal diet) in a completely randomized design. The AID and SID of AA ofthe 7 test ingredients were determined using 7 crossbreed barrows (initial BW:67.4 ± 8.5 kg) in a 6 × 8 Youden square design with 6 periods and 8 diets(including one N-free diet). The DE and ME values of the 7 cottonseed co-products varied from 12.72 to 15.63 MJ/kg and 12.24 to 14.83 MJ/kg, respectively. Among the 7 cottonseed co-products, 55CSP and CSME had the greatest (P < 0.05) ME and DE values compared to the other cottonseed co-products. In addition, 55CSP had the greatest (P <0.05) AID and SID of all the AA tested except for Gly and Pro. In contrast, 46CSM or 55CSM had the lowest (P < 0.05) AID and SID of all the AA tested except for Gly and Pro. The 55CSP also had the greatest (P <0.05) concentrations of standardized ileal digestible CP and all the AA tested except for Gly and Pro. In conclusion, the chemical composition, energy, and AA digestibility of cottonseed co-products with different processing techniques varied widely. Based on the energy and AA digestibility, cottonseed protein with CP level of 55% is a better dietary ingredient for growing pigs compared with the other cottonseed co-products.

Key words: amino acid digestibility, cottonseed meal, cottonseed protein, energy, pigs