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商品猪场多点生产系统中延长断奶日龄对猪生长性能和腹部哼声（Belly nosing）的影响
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查看次数：7486
时间：2020-05-13
试验研究了在商业化猪场中延长断奶日龄对保育和育肥期猪只生长性能的影响。试验选用1176头断奶仔猪，试验期为136天。断奶日龄分别为19、22、25、28天，每个处理在保育期和育肥期的重复数分别为14和10。
在保育阶段，随着断奶日龄的增加，仔猪初重（5.04、5.70、6.52、7.26kg）和保育结束重量（18.2、19.8、23.0、25.1kg）线性提高（P＜0.001）。增加断奶日龄线性降低了最初3周仔猪出现腹部哼声的比例（27.6%、15.0%、6.5%和1.4%，P＜0.001）。断奶后第一周仔猪出现体重负增长的比例随断奶日龄的延长而线性下降（35.1%、28.7%、12.4%、9.2%，P＜0.001）。断奶日龄延长，仔猪日增重（295、320、374、406g/d）和日均采食量（493、534、619、661g/d）线性增加（P＜0.001），而饲料效率（肉料比）有提高的趋势（596、599、604、615 g/kg，P=0.081）。仔猪淘汰率也随断奶日龄的增加而显著下降（8.01%、3.79%、2.29%、1.65%，P=0.001），但是死亡率无显著差异（0.71%、0.36%、0.96%、1.04%）。
在育肥阶段，断奶后第136天体重（114.9、117.8、124.7、126.5 kg）和日增重（1.02、1.04、1.08、1.07 kg/d）显著提高。断奶日龄对育肥阶段淘汰率（1.5%、2.4%、1.0%、0.0%）和死亡率（0.9%、1.0%、1.0%、1.4%）没有显著影响（P > 0.24）。当计算猪164日龄生长性能时，断奶日龄对体重（125.2、124.4、128.0、126.5 kg）和全期日增重（754、751、774、762 g/d）没有显著影响（P > 0.25）。随着断奶日龄的提高，每头断奶仔猪出售毛猪重线性增加（P＜0.001）。尽管数据曲线为线性，断奶日龄增加至25d，生长性能的边际改善仍然很高，而从25天提高至28天生长性能几乎无额外改善。
试验结果表明提高断奶日龄是改善商业猪场整体生长性能的有效手段。尽管断奶日龄对全期生长性能没有显著影响，但是其在保育阶段的稳定效果和增加的出栏商品猪数量表明25日龄是合适的推荐断奶日龄。
注：腹部哼声（Belly nozing）是一种不正常的行为，通常因为失去母猪后导致的失望而引发，通常可以在早期断奶仔猪中观察到。
Impact of increasing weaning age on pig performance and belly nosing prevalence in a commercial multisite production system
The effects of increasing weaning age in a commercial production system on nursery and finishing performance were evaluated. A total of 1,176 pigs (PIC 337 × Camborough) were used in a 136-d growth trial with 14 and 10 replications/weaning age on the nursery and finishing phases, respectively. Treatments included weaning litters at 19, 22, 25, or 28 d of age. In the nursery, as weaning age increased, initial (5.04, 5.70, 6.52, and 7.26 kg) and final body weight (BW) (18.2, 19.8, 23.0, and 25.1 kg) increased (linear, P < 0.001). Increasing the weaning age reduced (linear, P < 0.001) the prevalence of pigs exhibiting belly nosing (27.6%, 15.0%, 6.5%, and 1.4%) during the first 3 wk. The percentage of pigs losing weight during the first week after weaning (35.1%, 28.7%, 12.4%, and 9.2%) decreased (linear, P < 0.001) as weaning age increased. Average daily gain (ADG; 295, 320, 374, 406 g/d) and average daily feed intake (493, 534, 619, 661 g/d) increased (linear, P < 0.001), while feed efficiency (G:F) (596, 599, 604, and 615) tended to increase (linear, P = 0.081) with weaning age. Removal rate (8.01%, 3.79%, 2.29%, and 1.65%) declined (linear, P = 0.001) as weaning age increased, while there was no evidence of difference (P = 0.463) in mortality rate (0.71%, 0.36%, 0.96%, 1.04%). In the finishing period, BW at 136 d post-weaning (114.9, 117.8, 124.7, and 126.5 kg) and ADG (1.02, 1.04, 1.08, and 1.07 kg/d) improved (linear, P < 0.001). There was no evidence of differences (P > 0.24) in removal (1.5%, 2.4%, 1.0%, and 0.0%) or mortality rates (0.9%, 1.0%, 1.0%, and 1.4%) with changes in weaning age. When performance was analyzed at a common day of life (164 d of age), no effects of weaning age (P > 0.25) were found for BW (125.2, 124.4, 128.0, and 126.5 kg) and lifetime ADG (growth rate from birth to market) (754, 751, 774, and 762 g/d). The BW sold per pig weaned increased (linear, P < 0.001) with weaning age. Even though the slope indicated a linear response, the magnitude of improvement was high until 25 d, before exhibiting diminishing returns from 25 to 28 d. Thus, the study suggests that increasing the weaning age can be an effective strategy to improve the overall performance in a commercial system. Although lifetime performance was not affected by the weaning age range studied, the consistent effect in the nursery and the increment in the number of pigs reaching the market facilitated by the improvement in the removal rate in the nursery phase imply that 25 d is the optimal weaning age.
文章来源：猪营养国际论坛
【免责声明】：文章来源于网络，我们对文中陈述观点判断保持中立，并不对文章观点负责。仅供读者参考。版权属于原作者。
在保育阶段，随着断奶日龄的增加，仔猪初重（5.04、5.70、6.52、7.26kg）和保育结束重量（18.2、19.8、23.0、25.1kg）线性提高（P＜0.001）。增加断奶日龄线性降低了最初3周仔猪出现腹部哼声的比例（27.6%、15.0%、6.5%和1.4%，P＜0.001）。断奶后第一周仔猪出现体重负增长的比例随断奶日龄的延长而线性下降（35.1%、28.7%、12.4%、9.2%，P＜0.001）。断奶日龄延长，仔猪日增重（295、320、374、406g/d）和日均采食量（493、534、619、661g/d）线性增加（P＜0.001），而饲料效率（肉料比）有提高的趋势（596、599、604、615 g/kg，P=0.081）。仔猪淘汰率也随断奶日龄的增加而显著下降（8.01%、3.79%、2.29%、1.65%，P=0.001），但是死亡率无显著差异（0.71%、0.36%、0.96%、1.04%）。
在育肥阶段，断奶后第136天体重（114.9、117.8、124.7、126.5 kg）和日增重（1.02、1.04、1.08、1.07 kg/d）显著提高。断奶日龄对育肥阶段淘汰率（1.5%、2.4%、1.0%、0.0%）和死亡率（0.9%、1.0%、1.0%、1.4%）没有显著影响（P > 0.24）。当计算猪164日龄生长性能时，断奶日龄对体重（125.2、124.4、128.0、126.5 kg）和全期日增重（754、751、774、762 g/d）没有显著影响（P > 0.25）。随着断奶日龄的提高，每头断奶仔猪出售毛猪重线性增加（P＜0.001）。尽管数据曲线为线性，断奶日龄增加至25d，生长性能的边际改善仍然很高，而从25天提高至28天生长性能几乎无额外改善。
试验结果表明提高断奶日龄是改善商业猪场整体生长性能的有效手段。尽管断奶日龄对全期生长性能没有显著影响，但是其在保育阶段的稳定效果和增加的出栏商品猪数量表明25日龄是合适的推荐断奶日龄。
注：腹部哼声（Belly nozing）是一种不正常的行为，通常因为失去母猪后导致的失望而引发，通常可以在早期断奶仔猪中观察到。
Impact of increasing weaning age on pig performance and belly nosing prevalence in a commercial multisite production system
The effects of increasing weaning age in a commercial production system on nursery and finishing performance were evaluated. A total of 1,176 pigs (PIC 337 × Camborough) were used in a 136-d growth trial with 14 and 10 replications/weaning age on the nursery and finishing phases, respectively. Treatments included weaning litters at 19, 22, 25, or 28 d of age. In the nursery, as weaning age increased, initial (5.04, 5.70, 6.52, and 7.26 kg) and final body weight (BW) (18.2, 19.8, 23.0, and 25.1 kg) increased (linear, P < 0.001). Increasing the weaning age reduced (linear, P < 0.001) the prevalence of pigs exhibiting belly nosing (27.6%, 15.0%, 6.5%, and 1.4%) during the first 3 wk. The percentage of pigs losing weight during the first week after weaning (35.1%, 28.7%, 12.4%, and 9.2%) decreased (linear, P < 0.001) as weaning age increased. Average daily gain (ADG; 295, 320, 374, 406 g/d) and average daily feed intake (493, 534, 619, 661 g/d) increased (linear, P < 0.001), while feed efficiency (G:F) (596, 599, 604, and 615) tended to increase (linear, P = 0.081) with weaning age. Removal rate (8.01%, 3.79%, 2.29%, and 1.65%) declined (linear, P = 0.001) as weaning age increased, while there was no evidence of difference (P = 0.463) in mortality rate (0.71%, 0.36%, 0.96%, 1.04%). In the finishing period, BW at 136 d post-weaning (114.9, 117.8, 124.7, and 126.5 kg) and ADG (1.02, 1.04, 1.08, and 1.07 kg/d) improved (linear, P < 0.001). There was no evidence of differences (P > 0.24) in removal (1.5%, 2.4%, 1.0%, and 0.0%) or mortality rates (0.9%, 1.0%, 1.0%, and 1.4%) with changes in weaning age. When performance was analyzed at a common day of life (164 d of age), no effects of weaning age (P > 0.25) were found for BW (125.2, 124.4, 128.0, and 126.5 kg) and lifetime ADG (growth rate from birth to market) (754, 751, 774, and 762 g/d). The BW sold per pig weaned increased (linear, P < 0.001) with weaning age. Even though the slope indicated a linear response, the magnitude of improvement was high until 25 d, before exhibiting diminishing returns from 25 to 28 d. Thus, the study suggests that increasing the weaning age can be an effective strategy to improve the overall performance in a commercial system. Although lifetime performance was not affected by the weaning age range studied, the consistent effect in the nursery and the increment in the number of pigs reaching the market facilitated by the improvement in the removal rate in the nursery phase imply that 25 d is the optimal weaning age.
文章来源：猪营养国际论坛
【免责声明】：文章来源于网络，我们对文中陈述观点判断保持中立，并不对文章观点负责。仅供读者参考。版权属于原作者。
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