Meng Cao，Yan Li，Qiujie J Wu，Pan Zhang，Wentao T Li，Zhengyu Y Mao，Dongmei M Wu，Xuemei M Jiang，Yong Zhuo，Zhengfeng F Fang，Lianqiang Q Che，Shengyu Y Xu，Bin Feng，Jian Li，Yan Lin，and De Wu

翻译：刘素利     校对：上海亘泰实业集团

本研究旨在探讨妊娠后期和哺乳期饲料中添加丁酸梭菌对母猪繁殖性能和肠道菌群的影响。选用180头妊娠90d母猪（健康，长白×约克）为试验对象，随机分配到4个试验组中，每组45个重复；4个试验组日粮分别为： ①基础商业日粮（对照组，0%丁酸梭菌）， ②日粮添加0.1%丁酸梭菌（1×108 CFU/kg）， ③日粮添加0.2%丁酸梭菌（2×108 CFU/kg）， ④日粮添加0.4%丁酸梭菌（4×108 CFU/kg）。本试验从母猪妊娠90d开始至哺乳期21d断奶结束。

试验数据表明，随着丁酸梭菌添加量的增加，产仔间隔呈线性关系减小（P < 0.05），分娩时间显著缩短（呈二次方程式关系，P < 0.05），断奶时仔猪窝重和窝增重呈线性关系升高（P < 0.05）；初乳中IgG、IgM和乳汁中IgM水平随丁酸梭菌的添加量的增加而呈线性升高（P < 0.05），而母猪分娩、哺乳14 d和仔猪14、21 d时，血清中丙二醛浓度分别呈线性下降（P < 0.05），母猪分娩、哺乳14 d和21 d，以及仔猪14 d和21 d时，其血清总抗氧化能力水平呈线性关系增加（P < 0.05）； 哺乳21 d时，母猪血清内毒素浓度呈线性降低（P < 0.05）。仔猪14 d、21 d时，其血清皮质醇浓度均呈二次方程式关系显著下降（P < 0.05）。

0.2%丁酸梭菌日粮组，在门的水平，显著增加了拟杆菌门的相对丰度（P = 0.016）；在属的水平上，普雷沃氏菌-NK3B31、普雷沃菌属-1、普雷沃氏菌-UCG-003和普雷沃菌属-9、拟普雷沃菌属的相对丰度显著升高（P < 0.05）；减少了变形菌门、芽单胞菌门和放线菌门的相对丰度（P < 0.001），在属的水平上，梭状芽胞杆菌-1、链球菌、埃希氏杆菌属-志贺氏菌和鞘氨醇单胞菌、琥珀酸弧菌属显著减少（P < 0.05），同时降低了厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门比值（P = 0.020）。

综上所述，本研究表明，饲粮中添加丁酸梭菌可以缩短母猪产程，提高哺乳仔猪的生长性能。此外，日粮中添加0.2%的丁酸梭菌对母猪肠道菌群的组成有一定的影响，尤其是增加了普雷沃菌属的相对丰度。

Effects of dietary Clostridium butyricum addition to sows in late gestation and lactation on reproductive performance and intestinal microbiota

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Clostridium butyricum addition to diets in late gestation and lactation on the reproductive performance and gut microbiota for sows. A total of 180 healthy Landrace × Yorkshire sows at 90 d of gestation were randomly assigned to one of four groups, with 45 replicates per group, receiving a basal commercial diet (Control, 0% C. butyricum) or diet added with 0.1% C. butyricum (1 × 108 CFU/kg of feed), 0.2% C. butyricum (2 × 108 CFU/kg of feed), 0.4% C. butyricum (4 × 108 CFU/kg of feed), respectively. The experiment was conducted from 90 d of gestation to weaning at 21 d of lactation. The results showed that the interval between piglet born was linearly (P < 0.05) decreased, and the duration of farrowing was significantly (quadratic, P < 0.05) shortened as C. butyricum addition increased. There was a linear (P < 0.05) increase in litter weight at weaning and litter weight gain. The concentrations of IgG and IgM in colostrum, and IgM in milk were linearly increased (P < 0.05) as C. butyricum addition. Serum MDA concentrations of sows at parturition and 14 d in lactation, and piglets at 14 and 21 d of age were linearly (P < 0.05) decreased, respectively. The serum total antioxidant capacity concentrations of sows at parturition and 14 and 21 d in lactation, and piglets at 14 and 21 d of age were linearly (P < 0.05) increased as C. butyricum addition, respectively. There was a linear decrease in the serum endotoxin concentration of sows on 21 d in lactation (P < 0.05). The serum cortisol concentrations of piglets at 14 and 21 d of age were both significantly (quadratic, P < 0.05) decreased. The 0.2% C. butyricum increased the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes (P = 0.016) at phylum level, Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group, Prevotella_1, Prevotellaceae_UCG-003, Prevotella_9, Alloprevotella (P < 0.05) at genus level, and decreased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Actinobacteria (P < 0.001) at phylum level, and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Streptococcus, Escheruchia-Shigella, Sphingomonas, Succinivibrio (P < 0.05) at genus level and Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio (P = 0.020). In conclusion, the present research indicated that dietary addition with C. butyricum could shorten the duration of farrowing and enhance the growth performance of suckling piglets. Moreover, 0.2% C. butyricum administration to sows changed the composition of intestinal microbiota, especially increased the relative abundance of Prevotella.（转自：猪营养国际论坛）